ABOUT THE DISEASE

Periodontal diseases are infections of the gums that destroy the support of your natural teeth. Two major components are involved in the disease. Dental plaque and our “host” response.  Bacteria found in plaque produce poisons that irritate the gums.  Our body in turn responds by sending cells and chemical mediators. This reaction will cause the gums to turn red, swell, and bleed easily (inflammation). If this inflammation is prolonged, the gums separate from the teeth causing pockets (spaces) to form. Plaque can also harden into a rough, porous substance known as calculus (or tartar). This can occur both above and below the gum line. As periodontal diseases progress, the supporting gum tissue and bone that holds teeth in place deteriorate. If left untreated, this leads to tooth loss. However, don’t be fooled. With periodontal disease, bleeding, redness, and swelling do not have to be present. Further, pain is usually not associated with periodontal disease. This disease damages the teeth, gum, and jawbone of more than 80 percent of Americans by age 45.

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